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Table 1 List of risk sorted by topic. The ID of each risk is indicated

From: Development of a risk assessment tool for deep geothermal projects: example of application in the Paris Basin and Upper Rhine graben

Topic

ID

Description

Managerial and social-economic

A-1

External natural hazards damaging the infrastructure

A-2

Anthropogenic hazard damaging the infrastructure

B-1

Changes in policies, laws, taxes and regulations put development/economy in jeopardy

B-2

Lack of financing for the next phases

B-3

Low social acceptance put barrier to development

B-4

Public opposition against nuisances from the exploitation

B-6

Lack or loss of clients

B-8

Significant changes of energy costs

C-1

Low financing for work leading to low safety standards

B-5

Unanticipated delays and costs in operations (materials, services, maintenance)

C-2

Suboptimal design of well leads to reduced flow rate

C-3

Best practices not applied (data acquisition, modeling, decision-making, design of wells / plants, construction)

C-4

Unsuitable contracts (roles and responsibility not clearly defined) leading to suboptimal performance or exploding costs

C-8

Organization is not experienced/financially robust enough for the challenge

B-9

The research or exploitation permit is changed in favor of another resource

C-9

Demand analysis and forecast are inaccurate

Operation and geology

D-1

Flow rate lower than expected (reservoir)

D-2

Flow rate degrades over time

D-3

Temperature lower than expected (reservoir)

D-4

Temperature degrades too quickly

D-5

Pressure lower/higher than expected

D-6

Pressure is changing during the operation in an unexpected way

B-7

Neighboring operators cause negative changes to the reservoir parameters

D-7

Fluid chemistry/gas content/physical properties are different from expected

F-6

NCGa Production

C-5-a

Human error leading to failure during work (including either insufficient background and/or regulations)

D-8

Fluid chemistry/gas content/physical properties change

D-9

Target formation is missing in the well (unexpected geology, insufficient exploration)

D-10

Target formation has no/insufficient fluid for commercial production

D-11

Geological lithology or stratigraphy is different than expected

D-12

Excessive scaling in the geothermal loop

D-13

Excessive corrosion in the geothermal loop

D-14

Particle production (“sanding”)

D-15

Hydraulic connectivity between wells is insufficient for commercial use

D-16

Re-injection of the fluid is more difficult than expected

D-17

Degradation of the reservoir (structure, properties, deteriorating whole-scale further commercial utilization)

F-8-a

Loss of integrity of surface equipments (leakage from the tanks, pipeline, heat-exchanger, etc.)

Drilling

E-1

Fluid losses leading to severe technical issues

C-7

Damage to the well/reservoir while drilling or testing

E-2

Wellbore instability

E-3

Trajectory issues (deviation from target)

F-8-b

Loss of integrity of surface equipments (leakage from the mud pit; well head, etc.)

F-7

Loss of integrity of the wellbore (connection of well fluid with surface; inter layer fluid connection, etc.)

C-6

Wrong choice of stimulation fluids or techniques damaging the reservoir/well

E-7

Issues in transporting/handling radioactive sources for logging

E-8

Technical failure of the equipment

E-9

Well casing collapse

F-1

Blowouts

F-2

Fluid communication between different formations due to ineffective isolation of the well

F-3

Induced seismicity (above sensitivity level)

F-4

Surface subsidence or uplift

F-5

Toxic emissions due to gases and fluids produced in situ

C-5-b

Human error leading to failure during work (including either insufficient background and/or safety regulations)

E-5

Technical failure/difficulties during drilling (due to any additional causes that were not mentioned)

  1. aNCG non-condensable gas