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Table 1 The physical parameters of the underground rock–soil layers

From: Effect of groundwater forced seepage on heat transfer characteristics of borehole heat exchangers

Soil media

Depth of distribution

σ (m)

Horizontal permeability

kXY (m2)

Porosity

εs

Volumetric heat capacity of the soil

csρs (J m−3 K−1)

Thermal conductivity

λs

(W m−1 K−1)

Longitudinal thermal dispersivity

αL (m)

Transverse thermal dispersivity

αT (m)

Initial temperature of soil layer

TS0/℃

Clay

0–9

5.0 × 10–14

0.45

2.7 × 106

1.10

0.3

0.03

16

Silty clay

9–24

5.0 × 10–14

0.40

3.2 × 106

1.20

0.3

0.03

16

Fine sand

24–44

1 × 10–12

0.35

1.4 × 106

0.95

3.0

0.30

16

Silty sand

44–80

8.0 × 10–13

0.38

2.4 × 106

1.60

0.1

0.01

16

Silty clay

80–83

5.0 × 10–14

0.40

3.2 × 106

1.20

0.3

0.03

16