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Table 3 Time period of pipe installation, depth of pipe below surface, scale rates at the wellhead, produced water volume = Q, calcium ion concentration [\(\hbox {Ca}^{2+}\)] measured at the wellhead, and scale-related decrease of calcium ion concentration [%] in the production pipes and underlying casing

From: Hydrochemical and operational parameters driving carbonate scale kinetics at geothermal facilities in the Bavarian Molasse Basin

Site

Time

Pipe, m

Rate wellhead,

Q,

[\(\hbox {Ca}^{2+}\)],

\(\Delta\) [\(\hbox {Ca}^{2+}\)],

 

Period

 

\(\mu\)mol/(\(\hbox {m}^2 \cdot\) s)

Mio. \(\hbox {m}^3\)

mmol/L

%

10

07/2016 –03/2017

970– 0

1.7

2.0

0.25

1.71

9**

12/2014–03/2015

800–0

2.8

0.7

0.51

2.14

9

10/2016–03/2018

680–0

3.0

5.6

0.51

1.50

9

10/2012 - 03/2018

980–680

2.5

16.2

0.51

0.80

8*

10/2012–03/2013

860–0

2.4

0.6

0.42

3.40

8*

08/2013–12/2013

860–0

3.2

0.7

0.42

1.50

8*

12/2013–09/2014

860–0

2.4

1.9

0.42

2.50

7

15/2015–02/2017

520–0

1.6

1.7

0.59

1.25

17

11/2016–10/2017

670–0

3.8

4.1

0.85

1.68

6

12/2013–11/2016

880–0

1.9

3.0

0.93

0.72

6

12/2015–06/2017

880–0

1.9

4.9

0.93

0.69

6

08/2010–12/2015

1800–850

1.0

16.9

0.93

1.10

  1. Calculations marked with * and ** are based on gauge measurements of Herbrich (2016), respectively Wanner et al. (2017)