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Table 1 Occurrence of scales at geothermal facilities in the BMB indicating operational parameters, sorted by water groups according to Table 2

From: Hydrochemical and operational parameters driving carbonate scale kinetics at geothermal facilities in the Bavarian Molasse Basin

Site no.

Type of facility

T prod., \(^\circ\)C

T inj., \(^\circ\)C

Q prod., L/s

p groundl., bar

p inj., bar

Top Malm (TVD), m

Scales

13

Heat

85

 

84

11

 

2130

 

15

Heat

63

 

26

8

 

1815

Fe-sulf.

17

Heat-electr.

114

57

155

13

10

4535

cc, Fe-sulf.

        

Cu-sulf., apatite

8

Heat-electr.

140

45

100

8

<2

3773

cc, vat, Fe-sulf.

10

Electr.

137

50

135

13

<2

3485

cc, Fe-sulf., Cu-sulf.

7

Electr.

132

 

73

11

<2

3200

cc, Fe-sulf.

9

Electr.

132

 

135

14

<2

3330

cc, Fe-sulf., Cu-sulf.

16

Heat

105

 

30

5

 

2300

 

5

Heat-electr.

128

45-60

125

11

<2

3150

cc

        

Fe-sulf., Cu-sulf.

6

Heat-electr.

123

58

111

9

<2

2986

cc, Fe-sulf., Cu-sulf.

2

Heat

87

 

80

12

 

2170

 

3a

Heat

104

66

50

20

 

2818

cc, Fe-sulf.

3b

Heat

99

66

33

18

 

2946

cc, Fe-sulf.

18

Heat-electr.

98

 

60

   

cc

12

Heat

93

 

40

11

<2

2509

 

14

Heat

88

70

70

17

 

1970

 

1

Heat

83

 

4

22

 

2400

 
  1. Type of facility = heat, electricity, or combined heat-electricity, T prod. = production temperature, T inj. = injection temperature, Q prod. = production rate, p groundl. = ground-level pressure, p inj. = injection pressure. TVD = true vertical depth. Type of scales: cc = calcite, vat = vaterite, Fe-sulf. = iron sulfides, Cu-sulf. = copper sulfides