Fig. 4
a Location of the Itasy geothermal area, b detailed geology showing the position of thermal springs, modified from Andrianaivo and Ramasiarinoro (2010a, b), and c conceptual model of the Itasy pull-apart basin geothermal system, modified from Andrianaivo and Ramasiarinoro (2010a, b). The vertical scale of the elevation profile, which was created using ASTER imagery, has been exaggerated compared to the depth scale, which is based on the structure of the crust and uppermost mantle beneath Madagascar (Andriampenomanana et al. 2017)