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Table 1 Data characteristics used for estimating the theoretical potential
From: A machine learning approach for mapping the very shallow theoretical geothermal potential
Data | Region | Inputs | Period | Time Res. | Spatial Res. | Error | Source | Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sunshine duration | Switzerland | Meteo stations | 1981−2010 | Monthly means | 66 stations | Negligible | Features, labels | |
Precipitation | Switzerland | Meteo stations | 1981−2010 | Monthly means | 417 stations | ± 4–40% | Features, labels | |
Temperature | Switzerland | Meteo stations | 1981−2010 | Monthly means | 91 stations | Negligible | Features, labels | |
Cloud cover | Switzerland | Human observations | 1981−2010 | Monthly means | 23 stations | NA | Features, labels | |
Snow depth | Switzerland | Meteo stations + human observations | > 2000 | Daily sum | 291 stations | Negligible | Features, labels | |
Ground temperature (various depths) | Switzerland | Measurement stations | > 2000 | Hourly | 47 stations | ± 0.1–0.3 °C | Labels, modelling | |
Soil moisture (various depths) | World | Satellite images | > 01/04/2015 | 30 s | 3 km × 3 km | ± 0.05 m3/m3 | NASA SMAP (Das et al. 2018) | Features, labels |
Digital elevation model (DHM25) | Switzerland | Elevation maps + aerial images | NA | NA | 25 m \(\times\) 25 m | ± 2 m | Features | |
Geology cover polygons (GK500) | Switzerland | Geological Atlas of Switz. + other maps | NA | NA | 13,320 polygons | ± 0.02 m | Features | |
Soil structure (NABODAT) | Switzerland | Measurements (Samples) | NA | NA | 6212 points | NA | FOAG (NABODAT 2018) | Features |
Vertical Electrical Soundings | Switzerland | Measurements | NA | NA | 4144 points | Coords: ± 10–30 m | SGPK (Dumont and Chapellier 2003) | Modelling, labels |
Electrical/Thermal resistivity data | India | Experimental Measurements (“electrical res. box”) | NA | NA | 118 points (in lab.) | ± 4% | Features, labels |