Techno-economic and environmental analysis of an Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) in Germany

Geothermal Energy

Science – Society – Technology

Table 7 Input parameters defining the capital costs C_CCH and current costs CC_CCH of the compression chillers

Parameter	Minimum	Mode	Maximum
Capital costs C_CCH (€/kW)^{a, b, c}	125	163	200
Feasibility (%)^d		2.3
Development (%)^e		3
Engineering (%)^f		5
Contingency (%)		10
COP compression chiller COP ^{b, g}_CCH	5	6	7
Maintenance M_CCH (%)^h		4
Electricity costs EC (ct/kWh)ⁱ	16	16.5	17
Lifespan (years)^j		15

^aInstitut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik (2002), ^bSchäfer and Negele (2009), ^cSchlott (2001), ^dMacKenzie and Cusworth (2007), ^eQueensland Government (2015), ^fChiasson and Culver (2006), ^gEngie (2016), ^hHeinrich et al. (2014), ⁱStindl (2017, personal communication,) ^jVDI 2067 (2012)