Fig. 8
From: Techno-economic and environmental analysis of an Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) in Germany
a Economic analysis of the ATES operating as hybrid system and the reference technologies over the observation period of 30Â years divided into total costs and the NPV of the ATES system; b comparison of the total costs for the ATES system only for the heating supply of the building compared with district heating; c specifically compares the total costs for the direct cooling supply by the ATES system and the compression chillers