Risk of surface movements and reservoir deformation for high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES)

Geothermal Energy

Science – Society – Technology

Table 2 Selected ranges of identified geological and operational parameters to determine their influence on the uplift at the ground surface (u_z0)

Parameter	Range
Parameter	Min.	Max.
Reservoir permeability^b (m²)	1.0 × 10^–14	5.0 × 10^–14
Injection/production flow rate^a (Ls⁻¹)	1	5
Young’s modulus^c,d,e (GPa)	2.5	25
Poisson’s ratio^c,d (–)	0.25	0.35
Injection temperature difference^a (K)	30	90
Thermal expansion coefficient^f (10^–6 K⁻¹)	8	12
Reservoir depth^b (m)	400	1600

The data origin is marked with ^aour own assumptions/simplifications, ^bdata compilation of Stricker et al. (2020), ^cMarschall and Giger (2014), ^dJahn et al. (2016), ^eEgert et al. (2018), and ^fSkinner (1966)