Fig. 9From: Application of in-situ gamma spectrometry for radiogenic heat production estimation in the Western Himalaya, Kohistan, and Karakoram in northern Pakistan1D steady-state conductive geotherms show the effect of the heat-producing layer (4 μWm−3) with three cases of increasing thicknesses (red, green, and blue) in the upper crust. The grey curve represents the average felsic upper crust with 2 μWm−3 heat production. The thick curves represent (slight) variations in temperature with varying lithospheric thickness from 150 to 250 km. The inset figure shows the 1D thermal model for a 200 km thick lithosphere. Heat flow curves in the inset figure (bottom left to upper right) display an increase in surface heat flow with increasing thickness of the heat-producing layer (from 5 to 15 km)Back to article page